Perpustakaan Digital ITB

Indonesia's commercial refrigeration sector relies heavily on R-404A, a refrigerant with a high Global Warming Potential (GWP) targeted for phase-down under the Kigali Amendment. This study evaluates the thermodynamic performance, technical feasibility, and environmental impact of replacing R-404A with low-GWP alternatives R-407F and R-454C in a 15.00 kW commercial system. Thermodynamic metrics, primarily Coefficient of Performance (COP) and Volumetric Cooling Capacity (VCC), were obtained using Aspen HYSYS simulations. A feasibility assessment compared drop-in versus retrofit scenarios to ensure cooling loads were maintained. Additionally, the study forecasted nationwide direct emissions from 2025 to 2045 and conducted a Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) analysis to quantify the comprehensive lifecycle carbon footprint. Results indicate that R-407F offers the highest efficiency (COP 1,52) as a viable drop-in replacement. Conversely, R-454C provides a 96% reduction in GWP but operates at a lower efficiency (COP 1,41), requiring a 16,09% compressor capacity upscale (retrofit) to prevent excessive duty cycles. Emission forecasts show that transitioning to R-454C would reduce national direct emissions by 96,41% by 2045. TEWI analysis reveals that while R-407F currently yields the lowest overall lifecycle footprint, R-454C offers superior long-term climate benefits by minimizing the environmental impact of refrigerant leaks. Ultimately, this research provides essential engineering and policy data for Indonesia's transition to sustainable refrigeration.