Perpustakaan Digital ITB

This study examines the challenges faced by PT PLN (Persero) in strengthening electricity security to support Indonesia’s economic growth target. As Indonesia targets higher economic growth, the electricity sector faces increasing pressure to ensure adequate, reliable, affordable, and sustainable electricity supply while simultaneously supporting energy transition objectives. The study aims to assess the extent of the demand–supply gap, identify the key organizational and institutional constraints affecting electricity security, and formulate strategic recommendations to strengthen PLN’s ability to support long-term economic development. Using a qualitative case study approach, the study employs document analysis, expert interviews, the McKinsey 7S Framework, Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) analysis, and Kotter’s Eight-Step Change Model. McKinsey 7S is selectively used as an organizational diagnostic framework, while Kotter’s model supports the sequencing and implementation of strategic recommendations. The findings indicate that Indonesia faces a significant electricity adequacy challenge driven by rapid demand growth, substantial infrastructure expansion requirements, planning–realization gaps, financial sustainability constraints, and organizational complexity. Although the RUPTL 2025–2034 provides a comprehensive expansion plan, the principal challenge lies in the timely delivery of generation, transmission, distribution, and substation infrastructure required to meet future demand. The analysis further shows that electricity security is influenced not only by infrastructure adequacy but also by organizational alignment, planning effectiveness, execution capability, supply-chain readiness, and long-term financial sustainability. Based on these findings, the study recommends integrated reforms across organizational governance, electricity planning, infrastructure development, and financial sustainability. Key recommendations include strengthening the role of the RUPTL as a single planning reference, improving organizational alignment and execution capability, accelerating critical infrastructure development, enhancing supply-chain resilience, reducing dependence on high-cost generation, and implementing gradual tariff reform supported by targeted social assistance mechanisms. The proposed implementation roadmap prioritizes organizational transformation as the foundation for broader operational, planning, and financial reforms. Collectively, these measures are expected to strengthen electricity adequacy, reliability, affordability, and resilience, thereby enhancing Indonesia’s electricity security and supporting sustainable economic growth.