Perpustakaan Digital ITB

With the approval of the Paris Agreement in 2015 by 197 countries, net zero emission had become an important focus in energy sector as the one of emissions contributors to the atmosphere. It is the reason why the concept of Zero Emission Power Plant (ZEPP) emerged. ZEPP is a power plant scenario which used gas from the reservoir as the main energy to produce electricity, then CO2 from gas combustion is injected to geological formations or known as CO2 sequestration. These geological formations could be as gas reservoirs, oil reservoirs, saline aquifers, or coal seams. One of utility from CO2 sequestration is to increase production from a gas field that is still operating or known as CO2 Sequestration with Enhanced Gas Recovery (CSEGR). EGR by injecting CO2 is a technology which is still at very early stage in its development. By combining CO2 sequestration and Enhanced Gas Recovery, CO2 sequestration can be a promising business, by increasing the revenue from increasing the recovery factor of gas and benefit from CO2 sequestration. Indonesia should prepare for this by preparing a profit-sharing scheme that attracts contractors to undertake this project. This study presents the technical aspects of CO2 injection at CSEGR carried out with a compositional simulator on a gas reservoir model to avoid technical problems. Then, an economic analysis of the CSEGR project is presented using the economic model schemes commonly used in Indonesia, which are PSC Cost Recovery and PSC Gross Split. From the calculation, the most profitable scheme, and modified economical model for the CSEGR project would be obtained to make the CSEGR project economical and attractive to launch. From this study, it is known that gas field reservoir simulation of field X shows that CSEGR could increase gas recovery around 4%-12%. The proper well and perforation placement success to delay CO2 breakthrough to the end of field contract. The result of this study also shows that common PSC scheme that used in Indonesia gives a very low NPV@10% and IRR compared to the no-injection case, because the NPV@10% and IRR sequestration results are very low. It is also shown from the sensitivity analysis that the parameters that have the most influence on the results of the NPV@10% sequestration are sequestration CAPEX, contractor split, and CO2 price. with split modifications, CO2 prices, and combining Cost Recovery and Gross Split can increase NPV@10% and IRR to numbers that are more attractive to contractors.