Perpustakaan Digital ITB

COVID-19 pandemic is a respiratory infectious disease caused by a novel human coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease that becomes a worldwide epidemic in recent decades, and is reported to have increased risk for a poor prognosis and mortality in the ongoing COVID-19 situation. COVID-19 and DM represent a worrying public health crisis, as DM represent a large vulnerable segment of the population. This literature review aims to systematically present the interplay between DM and COVID-19 through observational studies of clinical characteristics and outcomes, pathogenic association, and the link between their therapy. 96 literature are selected through advanced keyword and inclusive criteria. DM and COVID-19 are proven to present a worse prognosis through parameters in relation to inflammatory markers, abnormal immune response, tissue damage, and organ injury. DM is reported as an independent risk factor for severity and mortality. DM and COVID-19 association is proposed to have mirroring conditions due to various shared mechanisms. Moreover, both diseases are considered to portray a vicious cycle that aggravates the condition of each diseases, leading to a more severe outcome. The categorization of DM severity with COVID-19 is crucial to implement the appropriate therapeutic intervention, having insulin and DPP4i as the safest option. Approved COVID-19 drugs are shown to have effective glycaemic control and can be used in DM individuals. Further research on the most updated data is required to intensively address the management of DM individuals with COVID-19.