Perpustakaan Digital ITB

Currently, the Earth's surface temperature is steadily rising due to escalating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The energy sector accounts for the highest GHG emissions, projected to reach 82% of total emissions by 2050. Historically, power plants have been the primary GHG emitters in the energy sector, predominantly fueled by coal, contributing up to 59% until 2019. To combat this, the Indonesian government has initiated policies for coal-fired power plants to achieve Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by 2060 through biomass co-firing with coal, a strategy offering reduced emissions and costs. Biomass, a renewable and sustainable energy source, remains underutilized in commercial coal co-firing, with only 1-5% biomass incorporation in 13 coal-fired power plants operated by Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) Hence, further research is imperative to determine the optimal biomass-coal blend ratio for effective implementation in power plants, enhancing biomass utilization in the process. This case study examines the effects of progressively increasing biomass proportions up to 20% on the Pelabuhan Ratu Coal-Fired Power Plant, focusing on sawdust, rice husk, and Solid Fuel Recovery (SRF) as co-firing materials. The study explores various biomass-coal ratios testing the biomass from first on low percentage biomass (2.5%-5%), middle level (7.5%-15%), up to high level biomass (17.5%-20%). Key performance, including heat rate, power generated, Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) combustion and emission, are analyzed to identify the most efficient biomass-coal combination. Findings from this study contribute to advancing biomass integration, highlighting optimal configurations for efficiency, reduced emissions, and sustainable energy production.