Perpustakaan Digital ITB

The high global demand for oil has led to the growth of numerous oil and gas industries worldwide. In Indonesia, Balikpapan is one of the major oil and gas industry centers, making the 2018 oil spill incident in Balikpapan Bay a significant environmental disaster that severely impacted the surrounding community. Oil spill modeling serves as a tool to understand the potential spreading pattern and the areas likely to be affected. This study employs MIKE 21 to simulate the oil spill dispersion under four tidal phase scenarios: Low Water Slack, Flood, High Water Slack, and Ebb. A uniform spill volume of 2,402.97 m³ was applied across all scenarios, with the oil properties represented by the Handil Mix crude assay. The hydrodynamic model was verified against tidal, current, and wave data, yielding acceptable error values. The results indicate that the tidal phase significantly influences the oil spill spreading pattern, with the High Water Slack scenario showing the most extensive penetration toward the inner bay and the Ebb scenario directing the oil outward toward the Makassar Strait. Overlay analysis with mangrove distribution data from SIDAKO KKP identified mangrove areas along the western coastline, eastern coastline, and river channel of Balikpapan Bay as having a high potential for oil contamination exposure.