Perpustakaan Digital ITB

Lithium ion batteries are widely used as energy storage devices that can fulfill the storage power requirements of electronic devices such as laptops and cellphones. However, the electrode material used in lithium ion batteries currently has a low electrochemical capacity. Therefore, in this research, vanadium oxide was synthesized as a cathode material in lithium ion batteries. IEVOS and VOS were synthesized through the solvothermal method at temperature 180 °C for 3 hours followed by annealing that was varied to temperatures 500 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C and also annealing time was varied for 5, 10, and 25 hours. In the XRD characterization, the VOS diffractogram at 500 °C for 5 hours and 25 hours tended to form the same peak with the V6O13 diffractogram literature; while the VOS diffractogram at 700 °C for 5 hours; and 800 °C for 5 hours and 10 hours formed other peaks that indicate that other oxide vanadium crystals are formed. The optimum condition in VOS synthesis is at a temperature of 500 °C for 5 hours. The results of refinement analysis showed that VOS tended to have a match with V6O13 with RWP value is 19,51%. TGA characterization showed that there was a decrease in IEVOS mass three times as shown on the DTG curve, that was at a temperatures between 25 °C - 150 °C indicate a reduction of water mass, then at temperatures between 196 °C - 360 °C indicate a decrease of mass caused by decomposition of organic compounds that is oxalic acid and ethanol, and a decrease mass at temperatures between 473 °C - 580 °C that indicate the evaporation of the crystal water mass. In FTIR characterization, on the spectrum of IEVOS IR that has been synthesized there is an absorption peak at wave number 3195 cm-1, which indicates that there is an -OH functional group derived from water and ethanol, and in FTIR results both IEVOS and VOS have absorption peaks at wave number 980 cm-1 which is the fingerprint area for Vanadium(IV). Image of SEM characterization from VOS shows homogeneous morphology.