Perpustakaan Digital ITB

Indonesia has committed to achieving net zero emissions by 2050 as agreed in the Paris Agreement. Reducing the amount of carbon emissions and optimizing the exploitation of natural resources is needed to support this commitment. One of the strategies developed is optimizing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology. CO2 sequestration into depleted oil and/or gas reservoirs can be an alternative to reduce CO2 emissions released into the atmosphere. So it is necessary to carry out studies to optimize CCS/CCUS in Indonesia. This study was carried out in the East Kalimantan area, with the potential for old oil and gas fields as a CO2 storage area and coal-fired PLTUs as the main source of CO2. Optimization is carried out by determining the most optimal network path to connect the CO2 source to the CO2 storage area, determining the pipe diameter and pump requirements are also considered to achieve the most optimum results. From the optimization results, it was determined that pipe diameter requirements varied from 4 inches to 12 inches, adjusting to the rate of CO2 from the source. The largest CO2 storage potential can accommodate up to 830.66 million tons of CO2 in one reservoir. Meanwhile, the potential amount of CO2 produced from sources with a maximum radius of 100 km from the reservoir is 3.49 million tons of CO2/year. By carrying out this optimization, it can reduce the costs that must be incurred for CO2 transportation. From economic analysis, for Indonesia's current carbon price which is still relatively low, CCS is still not possible to implement because the costs incurred are quite high and the income from carbon capture is relatively low. The project is considered possible to run with a carbon value equivalent to the current carbon price in Norway of 107.78 USD so that it can generate profits of 4,331 MMUSD with an NPV of 301.93 MMUSD and IRR of 12% over a 20 year project period. The minimum carbon price to reach the break even point is 45.7 USD per ton of CO2. In the CCUS case study, even though the carbon price is low, the income from increased oil production can cover the project costs.