Perpustakaan Digital ITB

Severe exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays leads to skin damages namely hyperpigmentation, freckles, melanoma, age spots, and melasma which relate to skin pigment enzyme, tyrosinase. Prevention can be done by averting harsh UV rays and inhibiting tyrosinase catalytic activity. Many compounds have been developed for treatment of such diseases. However, most come with unwanted side effects. The purpose of this study was to determine sun protection factor (SPF) value and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity of plant secondary metabolites with high antioxidant activity i.e., rutin, catechin, niazirin, piperine, quercetin, and quercitrin as potential alternatives. Both tests were carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. SPF determination was done by observing the absorbances through wavelength 290 to 320 nm. The determination of anti-tyrosinase activity was carried out by measuring dopachrome at 490 nm after enzymatic reactions and calculating IC50. In SPF assay, benzophenone-3 as the standard, piperine, rutin, quercetin, and quercitrin showed high protection ability with SPF above 30 at 500 ?g/mL. In tyrosinase inhibition assay, kojic acid as standard showed strong potential of inhibition at IC50 33.65 ?g/mL. Whereas quercetin, rutin, and piperine gave weak potential of inhibition at IC50 178.44, 271.73, 347.62 ?g/mL. Quercitrin and niazirin showed little to no tyrosinase inhibition activity. While catechin is shown to catalyzes the reaction on tyrosinase enzyme more. To conclude, quercetin, rutin, and piperine have the potential to be developed as active ingredients to protect the skin from UV-induced damages through satisfactory SPF values and tyrosinase inhibition activity.