Perpustakaan Digital ITB

Low-salinity water injection (LSWI) holds significant economic potential for the oil and gas industry, offering a cost-effective means of enhancing oil recovery from mature reservoirs. LSWI can alter the pore structure and clay swelling by influencing the chemical reactions between the injected water and reservoir minerals. The main causes of uncertainty regarding the mechanisms driving LSW are the intricacy and multitude of parameters involved in the interactions between crude oil, brine, and rock. In this study, the economic and fiscal terms of the development of the ‘S’ Field, especially the ‘B' Structure, are evaluated using the Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) scheme in Indonesia, while the technical aspects also being analyzed by its recovery factor (RF) and total oil produced. From the technical aspects. Two variables of water salinity, 1,800 ppm and 3,600 ppm are used, while the variables of injection rate are 1,000 BWPD and 1,500 BWPD. The sensitivity on water salinity results in higher increase of RF when being injected with water with salinity of 1,800 ppm, compared to 3,600 ppm, for the same rate. For the injection rate sensitivity, results show that the higher injection rate will increase the total oil recovered on both salinities. The results show that the injection of 1,800 ppm of water salinity with an injection rate of 1,500 BWPD gives the highest RF out of the other with 59.47%, increases 7.26% from the base scenario, while also giving highest considered economic parameters, with Net Present Value (NPV) of $6,043,492, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 31.24%, a payout time (POT) of 3.13 years, and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.34, making it the best possible development scenario for ‘B’ Structure in ‘S’ Field, technically and economically.