This paper proposes a distributed principal component analysis seismic data compression algorithm based on fidelity restriction for non-cable seismic exploration systems. The proposed method compresses data effectively according to a customized fidelity. It first determines the cumulative contribution rate, then calculates the global eigenvector matrix, generates a projection in the seismographs and finally transmits the projected data. The numerical simulation results show that when the total waveform fidelity reaches 92%, the compression ratio still stands at 77 times or more. Furthermore, the field experiment also verifies the performance of the algorithm.