In 1989, the NASA spacecraft Voyager 2 detected six moons of Neptune that are
interior to the orbit of the planet’s largest moon, Triton1. On page 350, Showalter et al.2
report the discovery of a seventh inner moon, Hippocamp. Originally designated as
S/2004 N 1 and Neptune XIV, this moon was found in images taken by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope in 2004–05 and 2009, and then confirmed in further images captured in 2016. Hippocamp is only 34 kilometres wide, which makes it diminutive compared with its larger siblings, and it orbits Neptune just inside the orbit of Proteus — the planet’s second largest moon.