2020 JRNL PP Baback Gharizadeh - 1.pdf)u
Terbatas Irwan Sofiyan
» ITB
Terbatas Irwan Sofiyan
» ITB
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an
infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To counter COVID-19 spreading,
an infrastructure to provide rapid and thorough molecular
diagnostics and serology testing is the cornerstone of outbreak
and pandemic management. We hereby review the clinical
insights with regard to using molecular tests and immunoassays in
the context of COVID-19 management life cycle: the preventive
phase, the preparedness phase, the response phase and the
recovery phase. The spatial and temporal distribution of viral
RNA, antigens and antibodies during human infection is
summarized to provide a biological foundation for accurate
detection of the disease. We shared the lessons learned and the
obstacles encountered during real world high-volume screening
programs. Clinical needs are discussed to identify existing
technology gaps in these tests. Leverage technologies, such as
engineered polymerases, isothermal amplification, and direct
amplification from complex matrices may improve the
productivity of current infrastructure, while emerging
technologies like CRISPR diagnostics, visual end point detection,
and PCR free methods for nucleic acid sensing may lead to
at-home tests. The lessons learned, and innovations spurred from
the COVID-19 pandemic could upgrade our global public health
infrastructure to better combat potential outbreaks in the future.