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ABSTRAK Melvin Liew Jia Hao
PUBLIC yana mulyana

Anabolic-androgenic steroids, also known as anabolic steroids (abbreviated as AAS), are a kind of synthetic androgen that have similar function to testosterone. AAS was developed and successfully isolated during 1935 and it began to be widely used between athletes during that time. AAS gave the athletes better performance which was unfair to non-using athletes. After that, the International Olympic Committee decided to list AAS as one of the banned substances in sports. As that time, AAS was not being studied extensively for its long-term side effects. This review mainly focused on the long-term side effects of AAS users and abusers. The inclusion criteria for this study were participants that use different AAS drugs and participants had no other mental diseases before taking AAS. Database searches were conducted using PubMed, and Science Direct databases. The articles included for the review were those published between 2000 and 2022, for studying the long-term effects. The review indicates that long-term AAS usage might be associated with eating disorder, premature mortality, aggressiveness, antisocial trait, brain aging, poor neurovascular control under mental stress, and poor sleeping patterns.