29 Chapter III Research Methodology Transitioning from the foundational insights established in the previous chapters, this Research Methodology chapter marks a pivotal juncture in our study on advancing competitive positioning in the photovoltaic module market, particularly focusing on PT. Indonesia Solar Global. Building upon the theoretical underpinnings and the identified gaps in the literature, this section delineates the blueprint for empirical inquiry, aimed at translating theoretical concepts into actionable insights. The chapter unfolds by first outlining the Research Design, which serves as the scaffolding for the study, elaborating on the chosen approach's rationale, scope, and its alignment with the study's objectives. This segment ensures a methodological coherence with the systems thinking framework adopted earlier, setting the stage for a rigorous investigation. Following the design, we delve into the Data Collection Methods, detailing the strategies employed to gather qualitative data pertinent to understanding PT. Indonesia Solar Global's market challenges and opportunities. This section emphasizes the diversity and depth of data sources, ranging from primary interviews to secondary market analyses, ensuring a comprehensive view of the competitive landscape. Lastly, the Data Analysis Method section explicates the techniques and tools used to dissect and interpret the collected data, highlighting the integration of systems thinking principles in analyzing complex market dynamics. Through a meticulous examination, this part aims to unearth strategic leverage points, paving the way for actionable competitive strategies. III.1 Research Design Having established a conceptual framework for PT. Indonesia Solar Global's analysis in the photovoltaic market, we now proceed to the Research Design section, which outlines the methodological approach of our qualitative study. The following design encapsulates our strategic research pathway, beginning with the establishment of research objectives, followed by meticulous data 30 collection from primary sources like interviews and observations, and secondary sources such as literature reviews. Source: Author Analysis Figure 10. Research Design The data collected will be rigorously analyzed to discern patterns and insights. This qualitative inquiry employs systems thinking to dissect complex market dynamics, using the Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs) as a tool for understanding and mapping out the interrelationships within the PV industry. This process will involve identifying variables, constructing and interpreting CLDs, validating the model, and pinpointing leverage points. Finally, this rich analysis will inform strategic recommendations aimed at enhancing PT. Indonesia Solar 31 Global's market position. This approach not only aligns with the conceptual framework but also provides a structured pathway to actionable insights. The rationale behind the selected qualitative research design for this study is informed by the principles laid out in a study by (Gioia, 2021), particularly the work on applying systematic methodologies to qualitative research. The focus on social construction and the recognition that knowledge is actively constructed by individuals in an organizational context underscores the chosen approach. This design acknowledges the complexity of human experience within organizations and the need to capture that complexity authentically through methods that prioritize the perspectives and experiences of the people involved. By engaging directly with primary sources such as interviews and observations, and integrating findings from a comprehensive literature review, this research design seeks to provide a rich, in-depth understanding of PT. Indonesia Solar Global's strategic positioning in the photovoltaic market. The approach is grounded in the belief that in-depth qualitative insights are essential for developing meaningful and actionable strategic recommendations. It embraces the interpretive nature of qualitative research, seeking to provide a nuanced understanding that is true to the experiences of those within the organization, while also delivering theoretical insights that contribute to the broader field of organizational and strategic studies. Another study that supported the chosen qualitative research design, particularly through a systems thinking lens is a study by (Beckman, 2020). The study underscores the importance of framing and reframing in design thinking, which directly aligns with the systems thinking approach of the proposed research design. By using design thinking as a methodological compass, the research will navigate the complexities of the PV industry, exploring alternative solutions, and challenging preconceived notions. 32 The emphasis on cognitive framing and the capacity for creative, iterative problem-solving is pivotal for understanding the strategic nuances of PT. Indonesia Solar Global's market positioning. Such an approach is vital in today's dynamic market environments, where traditional linear methods may fail to capture the multifaceted nature of competitive strategy within the renewable energy sector. The author advocates for deep engagement in sensemaking, which is integral to the qualitative nature of the research. It suggests that a more profound understanding of the problem space can lead to more innovative and effective strategic recommendations. This is particularly relevant for PT. Indonesia Solar Global as it seeks to understand and potentially reshape its market position in the evolving landscape of the photovoltaic industry. The systems thinking approach, with its focus on identifying and understanding the relationships and feedback loops within complex systems, provides a solid foundation for this qualitative research design. It enables a holistic view of the PV market's ecosystem, taking into account the diverse factors that influence competitiveness, such as technology trends, regulatory changes, and consumer behaviors. This approach not only aligns with the complex nature of the PV industry but also facilitates the development of strategic interventions that are both innovative and sustainable. III.2 Data Collection Methods As we move from the conceptualization of the research design to the practicalities of gathering data, the Data Collection Methods section becomes critical. This part of the study outlines the systematic approach employed to collect the data necessary to understand PT. Indonesia Solar Global’s competitive positioning within the photovoltaic industry. In this study, data will be collected through a combination of interviews, observations, and secondary sources. Each method is chosen for its relevance to constructing a comprehensive Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) that captures the dynamics of the 33 solar PV module market and the specific challenges faced by PT. Indonesia Solar Global. Source: Author Analysis Figure 11. Data Collection Methods The data collection method diagram provided delineates a two-pronged approach: primary and secondary data sources. For primary data, interviews are fundamental, requiring the identification of both internal and external respondents who can offer valuable insights. A carefully developed list of questions guides these interviews, which are meticulously scheduled and conducted to glean a depth of understanding.