25 Chapter III Research Methodology III.1 Research Design Research design is the framework of research methods and techniques to conduct a study. Here is the flow chart of research design, which is categorized as qualitative research, to answer research questions and research objectives. Figure 3. 1 Research Design The design of this research is described in the flowchart from figure 3.1. In the beginning of the research, the business issue was determined which is what are the suitable strategies for PAM Jaya for reaching its business targets by 2030. After that, this research was conducted to understand and solve the defined problem stat This research uses scenario planning approach to understand and analyze the issues and combining it with PESTEL Framework for driving forces determination. The flowchart outlines a structured approach to this research, based on the methodology of Garvin & Levesque (2006). It begins at Stage 1: Orientation where the process starts 26 with the determining key focal issue. The author will collect primary data related to the key focal issue. Stage 2: Exploration where the flowchart depicts an expansion into broader research and analysis. This stage involves gathering extensive data and insights, exploring various factors and influences that could affect the key issue identified in the first stage. It's about understanding the environment in which the focal issue exists and uncovering the forces that could shape its outcomes. Stage 3: Scenario Creation which entails synthesizing the information from the exploration phase to construct multiple, plausible future scenarios. This creative stage involves crafting detailed narratives that present different ways the key focal issue and the business environment might evolve over time, leading up to 2030. Stage 4: Options & Consideration where the scenarios are used to assess strategic options and their implications. Here, decision-makers evaluate potential strategies within the context of each scenario, considering the viability and impact of various courses of action. The process culminates in Stage 5: Integration where insights from the scenario analysis are consolidated to inform strategic decisions. This final stage ensures that the strategic plan is robust, incorporating a comprehensive understanding of possible futures, thereby guiding PAM JAYA toward its 2030 business objectives with greater preparedness for diverse possibilities. III.2 Data Collection Method In this final project, the author uses both primary and secondary data. This indicates that an interview with a source person from a range of backgrounds in the scope of stakeholder. The purpose of the interview is to evaluate the business problem. It also aims to clarify any uncertainties that the organization may face going forward and provide more details for PESTEL and Porter Five Forces analysis. Additionally, literature reviews, periodicals, textbooks, and internet sources will contain secondary data. Additionally, the conversation covered possible problems that could result from both internal and external sources, including management, technology, and the market itself. During this stage of data collection, the author begins conducting interviews with company correspondence who are knowledgeable and capable of their responsibilities 27 in the company. The personal information of the correspondent will be kept confidential in accordance with business regulations. Here is the table below that will describe the interviewees, their role that will become the source of primary data in this research. Table 3. 1 List of Interviewee III.3 Data Analysis Method The data that is collected from this research is qualitative data. For qualitative data obtained from interviews, a data analysis tool that will be used is content analysis. Content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique. Qualitative content analysis is a valuable alternative to more traditional quantitative content analysis, when the researcher is working in an interpretive paradigm. The goal is to identify important themes or categories within a body of content, and to provide a rich description of the social reality created by those themes/categories as they are lived out in a particular setting (Shava et al., 2021) It begins with transcript the raw data, then continues organizing and reduced into coding. This coding will be grouped into sub-themes. In the context of scenario planning, these sub-themes will be considered as the driving forces for step 2 of creating scenario planning. Then, the next step is utilizing the list-and-count approach while every key word that has already been coded through PESTEL category is listed out and counted by the amount of interviewee mentioned about that word..