IMPROVING ELECTRIC VEHICLE ADOPTION IN JAKARTA: A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH TO POLICY FORMULATION FINAL PROJECT By BAYU SAMUDRA 19019067 UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG 2024 ii This page is intentionally left blank iii MENINGKATKAN ADOPSI KENDARAAN LISTRIK DI JAKARTA: PENDEKATAN DINAMIKA SISTEM DALAM PERUMUSAN KEBIJAKAN Bayu Samudra 19019067 Program Sarjana Sekolah Bisnis dan Manajemen Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2024 Supervisor: Meditya Wasesa, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D ABSTRAK Kendaraan listrik merupakan solusi penting untuk mengatasi perubahan iklim dan ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil. Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi kendaraan listrik oleh konsumen, hambatan terhadap penggunaan kendaraan listrik secara luas, seperti kecemasan jangkauan (range anxiety), keterbatasan infrastruktur pengisian daya, biaya pembelian, biaya perawatan, total biaya kepemilikan, dan waktu pengisian daya. Penelitian ini berfokus pada proses pengambilan keputusan konsumen, menganalisis peran kesadaran lingkungan, pertimbangan ekonomi, dan pengaruh sosial. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan Metode dinamika sistem untuk memahami bagaimana faktor- faktor ini membentuk niat konsumen untuk mengadopsi kendaraan listrik, serta dampak lingkungan dari adopsi kendaraan listrik. Selain itu, penelitian ini dapat mengeksplorasi solusi potensial untuk mempercepat adopsi kendaraan listrik dan meminimalkan emisi karbon seperti subsidi kendaraan listrik, harga bahan bakar minyak, subsidi pajak kendaraan bermotor untuk kendaraan listrik, dan subsidi tarif pengisian daya mobil listrik. Kata kunci: Emisi Karbon; Adopsi Kendaraan Listrik; Dinamika Sistem iv This page is intentionally left blank. v IMPROVING ELECTRIC VEHICLE ADOPTION IN JAKARTA: A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH TO POLICY FORMULATION Bayu Samudra 19019067 Undergraduate Program School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2024 Supervisor: Meditya Wasesa, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D ABSTRACT Electric vehicles (EV) present a critical solution to mitigate climate change and reduce fossil fuel dependency. This research delves into the factors influencing consumer adoption of EV, examining barriers such as range anxiety, limited charging infrastructure, purchase price, maintenance costs, total cost of ownership, and charging time. By focusing on the consumer decision-making process, this study analyzes the roles of environmental consciousness, economic considerations, and social influences. Using System Dynamics, the research aims to understand how these factors shape consumer intent to adopt EVs and assess the environmental implications of EV adoption. Furthermore, this study explores potential solutions to accelerate EV adoption and minimize carbon emissions, including EV subsidies, fuel prices, EV-specific annual vehicle taxes subsidies, and electricity price for EV charging subsidies. Keywords: Carbon Emission; Electric Vehicle Adoption; System Dynamics vi This page is intentionally left blank. vii APPROVAL PAGE IMPROVING ELECTRIC VEHICLE ADOPTION IN JAKARTA: A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH TO POLICY FORMULATION By BAYU SAMUDRA 19019067 A Final Project in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Management Undergraduate Program of Management Study School of Business and Management Bandung Institute of Technology July 29 th , 2024 Approved by Meditya Wasesa, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D NIP: 119110096 viii This page is intentionally left blank ix FOREWORD Alhamdulillah hirabbil 'alamin, I am grateful for all the opportunities and abilities that Allah gives to me, though I have not yet been able to fully utilize them. Then, this research would not have been possible without the assistance of the following individuals: 1. My family, my parents, my older sibling, especially my mother. Raising a child is a long and tiring journey. May Allah forgive all of your sins. 2. My final project supervisor, Meditya Wasesa, for being so kind to be a supervisor, especially for me and Nouvel. I am very grateful, at a time when many lecturers might look down on us because we seem to have no future, you still have a good opinion of us.