26 CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS This chapter presents a detailed discussion of the questionnaire results and the analysis using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). This chapter presents a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the data examined through SPSS and Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. This research analyzed the data quantitatively, using PLS- SEM to test the hypothesis. After receiving the data processing findings, the researchers develop discussions based on the analysis results. 4.1 Demographic Characteristics of Respondents' and MSMEs’ Table 4.1 displays the profiles of the respondents and MSMEs. The questionnaire was distributed to 340 MSMEs between November 2023 and January 2024. However, after cleaning the data by removing outliers using SPSS, only 279 respondents remained. The 279 MSME respondents consisted of 98 males and 181 females. The age category of 21 to 30 years old generates the majority of respondents (55.9%). In addition, the majority of respondents (56.3%) had a bachelor's degree. Moreover, over half of respondents (55.2%) were owners of MSMEs. According to the MSME profile, the respondents are predominantly from West Java (37.6%). Furthermore, the majority of MSMEs (43%) operate in the food and beverages industries. In terms of characteristics of MSME based on size, most MSMEs (76%) are micro, consisting of one to ten employees; 19% are small enterprises, consisting of eleven to thirty employees; and 14% are categorized as medium enterprises, consisting of thirty to three hundred employees. In addition, the majority (37.6% of MSME age categories) had at least one to three years of experience. For financial transactions, the majority of MSMEs (93.9%) used financial technology services. 27 Table 4.1 Respondents' and MSMEs’ Demographic Data Variable Category Frequency Percentage Variable Category Frequency Percentage Respondent’s Gender Male 98 35.1% MSME’s Location Banda Aceh, Sumatera 1 0.4% Female 181 64.9% Sumatera Utara, Sumatera 10 3.6% Respondent’s Age <20 10 3.6% Sumatera Barat, Sumatera 1 0.4% 21-30 156 55.9% Riau, Sumatera 5 1.8% 31-40 81 29.0% Kepulauan Riau, Sumatera 1 0.4% >40 32 11.5% Bengkulu, Sumatera 1 0.4% Respondent’s Education Junior High School 1 0.4% Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera 2 0.7% Senior High School 80 28.7% Bandar Lampung, Sumatera 1 0.4% Vocational High School 2 0.7% Banten, Java 11 3.9% Diploma’s Degree 26 9.3% DKI Jakarta, Java 48 17.2% Bachelor’s Degree 157 56.3% West Java, Java 105 37.6% Master’s Degree 13 4.7% Central Java, Java 19 6.8% Respondent’s Job Title CFO 12 4.3% DI Yogyakarta, Java 10 3.6% General Manager 71 25.4% East Java, Java 46 16.5% Owner 154 55.2% Bali, Bali 4 1.4% COO 3 1.1% Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara 1 0.4% CMO 6 2.2% Nusa Tenggara Timur, Nusa Tenggara 3 1.1% Staff 33 11.8% Kalimantan Timur, Kalimantan 1 0.4% MSME’s Size 1 – 10 employees 212 76.0% Gorontalo, Sulawesi 2 0.7% 11 – 30 employees 53 19.0% Sulawesi Barat, Sulawesi 2 0.7% 31 – 300 employees 14 5.0% Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi 5 1.8% MSME’s Age 1 - 3 years 105 37.6% MSME’s Industry Wholesale and Retail trade 51 18.3% 28 3 - 5 years 88 31.5% Food and beverages 120 43% > 5 years 86 30.8% Textiles 55 19.7% Financial Technology Usage Yes 262 93.9% Services 19 6.8% No 17 6.1% Fisheries 3 1.1% Manufacturing 31 11.1% 4.2 Descriptive Statistics This section analyzes descriptive statistics for both dependent and independent variables. Additionally, this section provided an examination of descriptive statistics from respondent and MSME demographic data in relation to MSME sustainability performance. 4.2.1 Descriptive Statistics of Dependent and Independent Variable Table 4.2 shows the descriptive analysis of the sustainability performance of MSMEs, financial technology adoption, financial literacy, and access to finance. Regarding MSME sustainability performance, the researcher analyzed the data using a Likert seven-point scale.