1 Chapter I Introduction I. 1 Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on various aspects of society, including residential decision-making and house preferences (Muhyi & Adianto, 2021). The restrictions and lifestyle changes brought about by the pandemic have reshaped the way individuals perceive and prioritize their living spaces. As people spent more time at home due to lockdowns, remote work arrangements, and social distancing measures, the significance of the home environment and its suitability to meet evolving needs and preferences became increasingly important. Prior to the pandemic, house preferences were influenced by factors such as location, size, amenities, and architectural style (Kurniawan et al, 2020). However, the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 crisis have given rise to emerging trends and shifts in residential decision-making. These changes have prompted researchers and professionals in the housing industry to investigate and understand the impact of the pandemic on house preferences and the consequent implications for housing design and development. Research suggests that the pandemic has led to a reevaluation of housing priorities, with new factors gaining prominence in residential decision-making. For example, the need for dedicated home office spaces has surged due to the widespread adoption of remote work (McGee et al, 2023). According to Khanwalkar and Dabir (2022), the pandemic has highlighted the importance of creating functional and ergonomic work environments within homes. In addition, the restrictions on social activities and outdoor gatherings have increased the desire for private outdoor spaces. A study by Duarte et al, (2023) found that individuals now place greater value on properties with balconies, 2 terraces, or gardens, as these spaces provide opportunities for outdoor relaxation, exercise, and connection with nature. Furthermore, the pandemic has influenced location preferences, with individuals seeking residences that provide proximity to essential amenities while also offering a sense of security and well-being. According to a study by Gamal, et al (2023), the pandemic has led to an increased demand for housing in suburban areas, where residents can access necessary services while maintaining a safe distance from crowded urban centers. To date, comprehensive research analyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on residential decision-making and the resulting shifting trends in house preferences is limited. Therefore, there is a need for in-depth research of this topic to provide valuable insights, inform housing design, and development strategies in the post-pandemic era. I.1. 1 Socioeconomic Impact of COVID-19 in Indonesia The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted countries worldwide, including Indonesia. With the first case reported in early 2020, Indonesia faced numerous challenges ranging from healthcare crisis to economic downturns (Sparrow et al, 2020). The healthcare system struggled to accommodate the rising number of patients, emphasizing the need for better healthcare infrastructure.