156 CHAPTER V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The quest for sustainability in industries often perceived as detrimental to the environment has led to comprehensive explorations into human behavior’s role in fostering environmentally responsible practices. This chapter summarizes and delves into the implications derived from a study centered on understanding and promoting sustainable behaviors within the coal mining industry. By amalgamating established behavioral frameworks such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Value-Identity-Personal Norm (VIP) model with green human resource management (GHRM) practices, this research aimed to elucidate the complexities of employee green behavior (EGB) in an industry marked by its environmental impact. V.1 Summary This study, conducted among 12 interview participants and 432 survey participants in Indonesia, represents a significant stride in unraveling the intricate dynamics that drive EGB. The exploratory sequential mixed-method approach highlighted the pivotal role of individual-level constructs and organizational practices in influencing sustainable behaviors among employees. The qualitative phase was conducted via literature review, in-depth focus group discussions, and detailed interviews to develop foundational questionnaire items for the subsequent quantitative phase, aimed at broader generalization. This study’s outcomes help identify key antecedent, mediating, and moderating variables that impact environmentally friendly behaviors (EGB), uncovering areas for improvement to promote and advance the development of EGB in the coal mining sector. V.2 Conclusions The conclusions of this research, which answer the research questions, are as follows: Koleksi digital milik UPT Perpustakaan ITB untuk keperluan pendidikan dan penelitian 157 V.2.1 Antecedent, Mediating, and Moderating Variables Influencing EGB (RQ1) This section explores factors influencing EGB among employees, highlighting key antecedent, mediating, and moderating variables. By examining individual-level constructs, organizational practices, and environmental attitudes, we gain insights into the drivers of sustainable behaviors within the coal mining industry. Subsequent subsections explore specific relationships and mechanisms identified in the study’s findings, offering a deeper understanding of EGB dynamics. V.2.1.1 Associations between TPB Constructs and EGB (RQ1a) Quantitative analysis validated hypotheses regarding the influence of biospheric values on environmental self-identity and subsequent personal norms related to the environment. However, the direct association between personal norms and EGB was not fully supported, suggesting potential influences from workplace factors. V.2.1.2 Connections between VIP Constructs and EGB (RQ1b) Supported hypotheses underscored the positive relationship between biospheric values and attitudes toward pro-environmental behavior, as well as the influence of biospheric values on subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. These findings highlight the significance of individual values and attitudes in shaping green behavioral intentions. V.2.1.3 Links between GHRM Practices and EGB (RQ1c) The study examined the organizational context, revealing the positive impact of GHRM strategies on perceived behavioral control and actual EGB. However, the hypothesis linking organizational identification to EGB was not entirely supported, emphasizing the importance of explicit organizational endorsement of green behaviors. Koleksi digital milik UPT Perpustakaan ITB untuk keperluan pendidikan dan penelitian 158 V.2.1.4 Mediating Role of Organizational Identification and Psychological Capital (RQ1d) While organizational identification did not directly correlate with EGB, the study confirmed its mediating effect on the relationship between GHRM practices and EGB. Similarly, psychological capital emerged as a crucial mediator, underscoring the role of internal psychological resources in fostering sustainable behaviors. V.2.2 Prevalent Practices and Potential Areas for Enhancement in Fostering EGB (RQ2) The study identified prevalent practices within the coal mining sector and highlighted potential areas for enhancement in fostering EGB. Recommendations include diversifying research scope across industries and regions to ensure broader applicability, as well as adopting a deeper qualitative approach to capture nuanced employee perceptions accurately.