ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANT LOAD ON THE ASSIMILATIVE CAPACITY TO PREVENT THE COASTAL POLLUTION IN TANJUNGPINANG MUNICIPALITY, RIAU ISLANDS PROVINCE, INDONESIA MASTER THESIS A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Master Degree from Ritsumeikan University and the Master Degree from Institute Technology Bandung (ITB) By ZULERIWATI AS Ritsumeikan University: 6142150032-0 Institute Technology Bandung: 25415031 DOUBLE MASTER DEGREE PROGRAM MASTER’S PROGRAM IN ADVANCE ARCHITECTURAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY AND GRADUATE PROGRAM IN REGIONAL AND CITY PLANNING SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING, AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY BANDUNG October 2017 Analysis of pollutant load on the assimilative capacity to prevent the coastal pollution in Tanjungpinang Municipality, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia By ZULERIWATI AS Ritsumeikan University: 6142150032-0 Bandung Institute of Technology: 25415031 This thesis has been approved for Graduated School of Science and Engineering of Ritsumeikan University Japan and School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development Bandung Institute of Technology Indonesia October , 2017 Supervisor I Associate Prof. Sato Keisuke Supervisor II Dr. Sri Maryati, ST., MIP GRADUATE SCHOOL INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY BANDUNG GRADUATE PROGRAM OF REGIONAL AND CITY PLANNING SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND POLICY DEVELOPMENT -ITB The undersigned below: Name : Zuleriwati AS Study program : Graduate Program of Regional and City Planning NIM : 25415031 Address : Perumnas Bumi Air Raja Blok B-29 RT.03 RW.03 Batu 15 Kelurahan Pinang Kencana Kecamatan Tanjungpinang Timur Kota Tanjungpinang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Post Code: 29122 Hereby declare for certain that this master’s thesis is my own creation and there is no plagiarism. If later proved my statement is not true, I am willing to get punishment based on the regulation of The Ministry of Education and Culture of The Republic of Indonesia Number 70 Year 2010 regarding Preventing and Controlling of Plagiarism in Higher Education. This statement I made with real. Bandung, October 2017 Zuleriwati AS i ABSTRACT ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANT LOAD ON THE ASSIMILATIVE CAPACITY TO PREVENT THE COASTAL POLLUTION IN TANJUNGPINANG MUNICIPALITY, RIAU ISLANDS PROVINCE, INDONESIA By Zuleriwati AS ITB: 25415031/RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY: 6142150032-0 Double Master Degree Program Advanced Architectural, Environmental and Civil Engineering – Ritsumeikan University and Graduate Program in Regional and City Planning-ITB As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has a lot of coastal areas and small islands. One of them is Tanjungpinang Municipality, which is the capital city of Riau Islands Province and is located in Bintan Island. Tanjungpinang has a unique potential of economy and ecology that could support the local peoples' livelihoods. However, the high development and utilization of the coastal area can result in coastal pollution. Generally, coastal pollution is caused by the population activities. Evidently, almost all dwellings located on the shorelines discharge their wastewater directly into the sea without any treatment. Moreover, several studies already discussed about coastal pollution that happened in Tanjungpinang, however the major pollutant remains unknown. To address the coastal pollution issues, determining sea water quality status in Tanjungpinang is required. Pollutant Index (PI) is one of the most appropriate method to calculate water quality status. Then, the trend of the pollutant involved in determining the water quality status is described by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Moreover, to understand the most influential source that polluted the coastal area, evaluating the potency of pollutant load from several activities such as domestic activities, agriculture, livestock, hotel and hospital by using spatial analysis is needed. Thereafter, in order to maintain the coastal area sustainability, it is required to recognize the assimilative capacity of the seawater using spatial analysis and indirect approach. The indirect approach is obtained from a correlation graph of the pollutant load, parameter concentration, and parameter standard. Finally, two scenarios planning for coastal pollution prevention are created by combining the first third of the research objectives with the social characteristic of local people. The social characteristics are observed through a field survey and are described by the crosstabs and correlation analysis. ii Based on the PI calculation, the seawater quality in Tanjungpinang is considered as heavily polluted with the PI accounting for 15.401 in 2008 and 12.696 in 2017. Afterwards, the PCA result reveals that there are two principal components causing the pollution in Tanjungpinang, which are F1 or oxidation condition (consisting of DO, BOD, CN, and H2S) and F2 or domestic wastewater contaminant (consisting of TSS, NH3, and NO3). Furthermore, the result of pollutant load shows that the pollutant source in Tanjungpinang is dominated by domestic activities. Domestic activities produce 1430.358 kg/day of BOD; 1966.742 kg/day of COD and 1358.840 kg/day of TSS. Their contributions to the coastal area pollution consist of 4.986 mg/L of BOD; 6,932 mg/L of COD and 4.737 mg/L of TSS. Moreover, the assimilative capacity indicates that the parameter of NH3, PO4, and NO3 have polluted the whole coastal area. Based on the field survey in two Kelurahan (Kelurahan Tanjung Unggat and Kelurahan Penyengat), the result shows the low level of willingness to pay for improving the wastewater management in the coastal area of Tanjungpinang. Furthermore, two scenarios planning to answer those problems are proposed, which are determining the reduction target of pollutant and upgrading the sanitation system in the coastal areas. In determining the reduction target, calculation of the sea water quality, the pollutant load, and the assimilative capacity of several zones are taken into consideration. Meanwhile, upgrading the sanitation system in the coastal areas is conducted through several programs such as socialization for sanitation upgrading and wastewater management program. Keyword: Water Quality Status, PCA, Pollutant Load, Assimilative Capacity, Tanjungpinang iii GUIDELINE FOR USING THESIS The unpublished master thesis are registered and available at the library of the Ritsumeikan University and Institute Technology Bandung, and available for public according to the regulation that the copyright is owned by the author by following the copyright regulation at the Ritsumeikan University and Institute Technology Bandung. References are allowed to be written, but citing and summarizing can only be done under the permission of the author and have to follow the scientific regulation of citing the source. To cite this master thesis: AS, Zuleriwati. (2017): Analysis of pollutant load on the assimilative capacity to prevent the coastal pollution in Tanjungpinang Municipality, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia, Master’s Program Thesis, Institute Technology Bandung. Re-produce or re-publish some or the whole part of this thesis have to be done under the permission from the Director of the Master’s Program at the Ritsumeikan University and Institute Technology Bandung. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise and great gratitude to Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala for his grace and give, so that this master thesis could be finished. Salaah and Salam may Allah send them to our Prophet Muhammad SAW, the best messenger for people all over the world. I am very grateful for the guidances from my supervisors Associate Professor Keisuke Sato of the Science and Engineering at Ritsumeikan University, who has guided, directed and motivated me to complete this thesis. I would also like to thank Dr. Sri Maryati, ST., MIP as my supervisor of Urban and Regional Planning at Institute Technology Bandung (ITB) who gives me suggestion and inspiration on this thesis. I would also like to acknowledge Professor. Takashi Higuchi as the co-supervisor of this thesis, for his very valuable comments on this thesis. Thank you to Bappenas that has given me a scholarship to continue my study on the master's program. Thank you to all of my friends in the linkage students ITB – Japan who have provided valuable spirits and experience during this program. The great appreciation for respondent for the assistance in filling out the difficult questionnaire. Thank you to my colleagues in Local Government of Tanjungpinang Municipality for supporting the data and information related to my research as well as those related to my personnel administration. Finally, I must express my very profound gratitude to my beloved husband Muhammad Rizki. Thank you for supporting, understanding and faithfulness that you have given to me. v TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................